Stav judaizma prema životinjama u starozavjetnim spisima Biblije, u židovskome pravu i u rabinskoj literaturi

Agnes Eva DaDon - Izvorni znanstveni članak
Kotel DaDon

The attitude of Judaism toward animals in the Old Testament, Jewish Law and Rabbinic literature

Sažetak
Članak analizira stav judaizma prema životinjama te nekim ključnim pitanjima vezanim uz tu tematiku kao što su: vegetarijanstvo i mesna prehrana, slučajevi u kojima je dopušteno ozlijediti životinju, odnos prema opasnim životinjama, lov u judaizmu, borba s bikovima, način na koji se moderna prehrambena industrija odnosi prema životinjama. Članak također donosi prijedloge za uvođenje promjena. Posljednji dio govori o stavu judaizma prema posjetu zoološkom vrtu. U radu autori prvo daju uvodno objašnjenje o sućuti i dobrom odnosu prema životinjama u židovstvu. U drugom dijelu članka, autori analiziraju maloprije spomenute teme u starozavjetnim spisima Biblije, u židovskome pravu i rabinskoj literaturi od talmudskih vremena do danas. Autori raščlanjuju ova pitanja na temelju niza izvora iz rabinske literature i responsi, od talmudskih vremena preko srednjega vijeka sve do suvremenih rabina, literature koja je sada prvi put prevedena na hrvatski jezik. Tekstove su s hebrejskoga i aramejskog preveli autori članka. U članku autori pokazuju da je životinjski život vrijedan jer je i on djelo Božje te ga stoga nije dopušteno ugrožavati ili bespotrebno oduzimati. No, dođu li u sukob životinjski i ljudski život, ljudski život svakako ima prednost pred životinjskim životom.

Abstract
The article analyzes the attitude of Judaism toward animals and some key questions such as: vegetarianism and meat consumption, cases when hurting animals is allowed, attitude towards dangerous animals, hunting in Judaism, bullfighting, the way animals are treated by the modern food industry and offers some suggestion about what can be done to remedy the situation. The final part of the article describes the attitude of Judaism toward visiting a Zoo. In the article, the authors first provide an introductory explanation regarding compassion and kindness toward animals in Judaism. In the second part of the article, the authors analyzes the aforementioned topics in the Old Testament, Jewish law and Rabbinic literature from Talmudic times onwards. The authors investigate these questions using sources from Rabbinic literature and responsas, from Talmudic times, through the Middle Ages to the present-day Rabbis. In their research, the authors use many sources from Rabbinic literature, from the times of Talmud through the Middle Ages until modern times. This literature has been translated from Hebrew and Aramaic to Croatian for the first time by the authors. In the article the authors show that an animal life has its own intrinsic value since it was also created by God and it is therefore not allowed to endanger it or take it without a good cause. Still, if one is forced to choose between the life of a human being and the life of an animal, the life of a human being has precedence over the life of an animal.